Z Specification of Object Oriented Constraint Programs

نویسندگان

  • Laurent Henocque
  • Luis M. Laita
  • L. Henocque
چکیده

Object oriented constraint programs (OOCPs) emerge as a leading evolution of constraint programming and artificial intelligence, first applied to a range of industrial applications called configuration problems. The rich variety of technical approaches to solving configuration problems (CLP(FD), CC(FD), DCSP, Terminological systems, constraint programs with set variables, . . . ) is a source of difficulty. No universally accepted formal language exists for communicating about OOCPs, which makes the comparison of systems difficult. We present here a Z based specification of OOCPs which avoids the falltrap of hidden object semantics. The object system is part of the specification, and captures all of the most advanced notions from the object oriented modeling standard UML. The paper illustrates these issues and the conciseness and precision of Z by the specification of a working OOCP that solves an historical AI problem : parsing a context free grammar. Being written in Z, an OOCP specification also supports formal proofs. The whole builds the foundation of an adaptative and evolving framework for communicating about constrained object models and programs. Especificación en Z de programas orientados a objetos con restricciones Resumen. Los programas orientados a objetos con restricciones (OOCPs) surgen como una evolución trascendental de la programación con restricciones y de la inteligencia artificial, aplicados, en primer lugar, a una variedad de aplicaciones industriales que se denominan problemas de configuración. La dificultad reside en la rica variedad de aproximaciones técnicas para la resolución de problemas de configuración (CLP(FD), CC(FD), DCSP, sistemas terminológicos, programas con restricciones con variables sobre conjuntos,...). No existe ningún lenguaje formal universalmente aceptado para la comunicación acerca de los OOCP, lo que dificulta la comparación entre sistemas. En este trabajo se presenta una especificación de OOCPs basada en Z, que evita caer en la trampa de la semántica de objetos ocultos. El sistema objeto forma parte de la especificación y capta todas las nociones más avanzadas de la modelización orientada a objetos estándar UML. Este trabajo ilustra estas cuestiones y la concisión y precisión de Z al especificar un OOCP operativo que resuelve un problema histórico de la IA, concretamente, el análisis sintáctico de una gramática libre de contexto. Al estar escrito en Z, una especificación OOCP también soporta demostraciones formales. El trabajo forma la base de un marco adaptativo y evolutivo para la comunicación de modelos y programas de objetos con restricciones. Presentado por Luis M. Laita. Recibido: December 14, 2003. Aceptado: October 13, 2004. Palabras clave /

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تاریخ انتشار 2004